Most people say never punish a bird, and for the most part, I do agree. However, when it comes to biting (expecially when hormone-related), I do encourage giving a parrot a "time out" immediately after a bite. Please hear me out on this one, because it benefits the bird too. 99% of the time, when a parrot bites you outside of their cage, it is simply because they have gotten WAY too excited, and having a pea brain, they react to mental overload by biting you. When I get a bite, I react as little as possible to it at the moment (no screaming, tossing the bird off your hand, crying ect...) and as calmly as possible put him back in his cage and cover him. I leave him covered until I have cleaned up the wound. Being in the dark and quiet for a few minutes gives him time to calm down a little. When I feel he's calmer, I half uncover him (perhaps this is a bit futile), but I show him what he did and he does seem to kind of understand. I also try to pick him back up within the hour so he A. doesn't learn biting isn't an acceptable form of communication B. that the bite didn't scare me away so he won't use it in the future when he doesn't want to step up. This method has worked wonders with our guy. I don't really look at it a punishment actually, but a lot of people feel it is. When we adopted our BFA, he was completely unsocialized, never been handled really... he wasn't a very nice bird when we got him. Over the past five years we've had him, I have been very consistant about how I react to him biting. I went from getting bitten 2-3 times a month (when we first had him), to he hasn't bitten me once this year. He has really mellowed out, it just took time. Thats a big thing a lot of people don't get about parrots, it takes some time for "bigger concepts" that go against their instinct/natural behavior to sink in. Whatever method you try, just stick with it long enough, and the bird WILL learn. Don't forget, while they may be geniuses for animals, they are still animals. Best of luck!